Extinguishing photovoltaics
Photovoltaic power plants are increasingly appearing on solar fields, houses, etc. Fires can occur due to wiring faults, overheating, inverter failure or storm surges. The main danger in photovoltaic (PV) firefighting is that the solar panels, even after disconnection from the powerwhich complicates firefighter intervention and requires the use of special extinguishing agents.
A PV fire is specific in that it is not a classical type of fire, but a combination of electrical and material fire that can spread very quickly. PV fires can arise from a variety of causes, the most common being:
ELECTRICAL FAULTS
Faulty wiring - if the panels are incorrectly installed using poor quality components or have shfaulty wiring, overheating and possible fire can occur.
Mains surges - lightning or voltage fluctuations can damage the voltage converter and other system components, causing a short circuit.
Short circuits and overloads - cables and connections that are improperly sized can lead to overheating and subsequent ignition.
OVERHEATING AND MECHANICAL DAMAGE
Prolonged exposure to high temperatures - PV panels that are exposed to direct sunlight for long periods of time can cause degradation of their material and risk fire.
Damage and microcracks - if a solar panel is damaged by hail or strong winds, for example, its structure may be damaged, increasing the risk of short circuits.
FAULTY AND UNPROFESSIONAL INSTALLATION
Non-certified components - poor quality cables, connections or inverters can make them less resistant to heat.
ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
Lightning strikes - PV panels are installed on open areas and roofs where there is a high risk of lightning strikes, which can damage wiring and subsequently cause fires.
Accumulation of debris - accumulated leaves, dust and other debris can act as combustible material and can accelerate a fire.
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